Jordan Siemens/Iconica/Getty Images

Your eyes should be focused on the ground about 10 to 20 feet ahead of you. Don’t stare at your feet. Not only is this proper running form, but it’s also a safer way to run because you can see what’s coming and avoid falling.

People Images/Getty

Don’t be a toe runner or a heel-striker. If you land on your toes, your calves will get tight or fatigue quickly and you may develop shin pain. Landing on your heels means you have overstrided and you’re braking, which wastes energy and may cause injury. Try to land on the middle of your foot, and then roll through to the front of your toes. If you don’t already land midfoot, here are some ways you can practice that technique.

Ghislain & Marie David de Lossy / Getty

Make sure your toes are pointed in the direction you want to go. Running with your feet pointed in or out could lead to running injuries. If you don’t naturally run that way, it may take practice to keep your feet pointed straight. Try doing it for short distances and then increase the time or distance that you run that way. Eventually, you’ll start to get used to running with your feet pointed straight and it will feel more natural.

 

Try to keep your hands at waist level, right about where they might lightly brush your hip. Your arms should be bent at a 90-degree angle. Some beginners have a tendency to hold their hands way up by their chest, especially as they get tired. You may actually get even more tired by holding your arms that way and you’ll start to feel tightness and tension in your shoulders and neck.

PeopleImages / Getty

As you run, keep your arms and hands as relaxed as possible. You can gently cup your hands as if you are holding an egg and you don’t want to break it. Don’t clench your fists because it can lead to tightness in your arms, shoulders, and neck.

Cultura RM Exclusive/Mike Tittel/Getty

Keep your posture straight and erect. Your head should be up, your back straight, and shoulders level. Keep your shoulders under your ears and maintain a neutral pelvis. Make sure you’re not leaning forward or back at your waist, which some runners do as they get fatigued. Check your posture once in a while. When you’re tired at the end of your run, it’s common to slump over a little, which can lead to neck, shoulder, and lower-back pain. When you feel yourself slouching, poke your chest out.

Martin Novak / Getty

Your shoulders should be relaxed and square or facing forward, not hunched over. Rounding the shoulders too far forward tends to tighten the chest and restrict breathing. You’ll breathe a lot easier if your shoulders are relaxed.

Your arms should swing back and forth from your shoulder joint, not your elbow joint. Think of your arm as a pendulum, swinging back and forth at your shoulder. Drive your elbow backward and then let it swing back toward you. Your hand should be almost grazing your hip as your arm comes back in front of you.

Nico De Pasquale Photography / Getty

Try to keep your stride low to the ground and focus on quick stride turnover. Too much up-and-down movement is wasted energy and can be hard on your lower body. Take short, light steps, as if you’re stepping on hot coals. The higher you lift yourself off the ground, the greater the shock you have to absorb when landing and the faster your legs will fatigue.

Corey Jenkins / Getty

Avoid side-to-side arm swinging. If your arms cross over your chest, you’re more likely to slouch, which means you’re not breathing efficiently.  Inefficient or shallow breathing can also lead to side stitches, or cramps in your abdominal area.

Imagine a vertical line splitting your body in half —your hands should not cross it.